(1)数据传送类指令(7种助记符)
MOV(英文为Move):对内部数据寄存器RAM和特别功用寄存器SFR的数据进行传送;
MOVC(Move Code)读取程序存储器数据表格的数据传送;
MOVX (Move External RAM) 对外部RAM的数据传送;
XCH (Exchange) 字节交流;
XCHD (Exchange low-order Digit) 低半字节交流;
PUSH (Push onto Stack) 入栈;
POP (Pop from Stack) 出栈;
(2)算术运算类指令(8种助记符)
ADD(AddiTIon) 加法;
ADDC(Add with Carry) 带进位加法;
SUBB(Subtract with Borrow) 带借位减法;
DA(Decimal Adjust) 十进制调整;
INC(Increment) 加1;DEC(Decrement) 减1;
MUL(MulTIplicaTIon、MulTIply) 乘法;
DIV(Division、Divide) 除法;
(3)逻辑运算类指令(10种助记符)
ANL(AND Logic) 逻辑与;
XRL(Exclusive-OR Logic) 逻辑异或;
CLR(Clear) 清零;CPL(Complement) 取反;
RL(Rotate left) 循环左移;
RLC(Rotate Left throught the Carry flag) 带进位循环左移;
RR(Rotate Right) 循环右移;
RRC (Rotate Right throught the Carry flag) 带进位循环右移;
SWAP (Swap) 低4位与高4位交流;
(4)操控搬运类指令(17种助记符)
ACALL(Absolute subroutine Call)子程序肯定调用;
LCALL(Long subroutine Call)子程序长调用;
RET(Return from subroutine)子程序回来;
RETI(Return from Interruption)中止回来;
SJMP(Short Jump)短搬运;LJMP长搬运;
AJMP(Absolute Jump)肯定搬运;
CJNE (Compare Jump if Not Equal)比较不相等则搬运;
DJNZ (Decrement Jump if Not Zero)减1后不为0则搬运;
JZ (Jump if Zero)成果为0则搬运;
JNZ (Jump if Not Zero) 成果不为0则搬运;
JC (Jump if the Carry flag is set)有进位则搬运;
JNC (Jump if Not Carry)无进位则搬运;
JB (Jump if the Bit is set)位为1则搬运;
JNB (Jump if the Bit is Not set) 位为0则搬运;
(3)JBC(Jump if the Bit is set and Clear the bit) 位为1则搬运,并铲除该位;
NOP (No Operation) 空操作;
(5)位操作指令(1种助记符)
SETB(Set Bit) 位 置1 。
1.通用数据传送指令。
MOV—-》 move
MOVSX—-》extended move with sign data
MOVZX—-》extended move with zero data
PUSH—-》push POP—-》pop
PUSHA—-》push all
POPA—-》pop all
PUSHAD—-》push all data
POPAD—-》pop all data
BSWAP—-》byte swap
XCHG—-》exchange
CMPXCHG—-》compare and change
XADD—-》exchange and add
XLAT—-》translate
2.输入输出端口传送指令。
IN—-》input
OUT—-》output
3.意图地址传送指令。
LEA—-》load effective address
LDS—-》load DS
LES—-》load ES
LFS—-》load FS
LGS—-》load GS
LSS—-》load SS
4.标志传送指令。
LAHF—-》load AH from flag
SAHF—-》save AH to flag
PUSHF—-》push flag POPF—-》pop flag
PUSHD—-》push dflag POPD—-》pop dflag
二、算术运算指令
ADD—-》add
ADC—-》add with carry
INC—-》increase 1
AAA—-》ascii add with adjust
DAA—-》decimal add with adjust
SUB—-》substract
SBB—-》substract with borrow
DEC—-》decrease 1
NEC—-》negative
CMP—-》compare
AAS—-》ascii adjust on substract
DAS—-》decimal adjust on substract
MUL—-》multiplication
IMUL—-》integer multiplication
AAM—-》ascii adjust on multiplication
DIV—-》divide
IDIV—-》integer divide
AAD—-》ascii adjust on divide
CBW—-》change byte to word
CWD—-》change word to double word
CWDE—-》change word to double word with sign to EAX
CDQ—-》change double word to quadrate word
三、逻辑运算指令
AND—-》and
OR—-》or
XOR—-》xor
NOT—-》not
TEST—-》test
SHL—-》shift left
SAL—-》arithmatic shift left
SHR—-》shift right
SAR—-》arithmatic shift right
ROL—-》rotate left
ROR—-》rotate right
RCL—-》rotate left with carry
RCR—-》rotate right with carry
四、串指令
MOVS—-》move string
CMPS—-》compare string
SCAS—-》scan string
LODS—-》load string
STOS—-》store string
REP—-》repeat
REPE—-》repeat when equal
REPZ—-》repeat when zero flag
REPNE—-》repeat when not equal
REPNZ—-》repeat when zero flag
REPC—-》repeat when carry flag
REPNC—-》repeat when not carry flag
五、程序搬运指令
1》无条件搬运指令(长搬运)
JMP—-》jump
CALL—-》call
RET—-》return
RETF—-》return far
2》条件搬运指令(短搬运,-128到+127的间隔内)
JAE—-》jump when above or equal
JNB—-》jump when not below
JB—-》jump when below
JNAE—-》jump when not above or equal
JBE—-》jump when below or equal
JNA—-》jump when not above
JG—-》jump when greater
JNLE—-》jump when not less or equal
JGE—-》jump when greater or equal
JNL—-》jump when not less
JL—-》jump when less
JNGE—-》jump when not greater or equal
JLE—-》jump when less or equal
JNG—-》jump when not greater
JE—-》jump when equal
JZ—-》jump when has zero flag
JNE—-》jump when not equal
JNZ—-》jump when not has zero flag
JC—-》jump when has carry flag
JNC—-》jump when not has carry flag
JNO—-》jump when not has overflow flag
JNP—-》jump when not has parity flag
JPO—-》jump when parity flag is odd
JNS—-》jump when not has sign flag
JO—-》jump when has overflow flag
JP—-》jump when has parity flag
JPE—-》jump when parity flag is even
JS—-》jump when has sign flag
3》循环操控指令(短搬运)
LOOP—-》loop
LOOPE—-》loop equal
LOOPZ—-》loop zero
LOOPNE—-》loop not equal
LOOPNZ—-》loop not zero
JCXZ—-》jump when CX is zero
JECXZ—-》jump when ECX is zero
4》中止指令
INT—-》interrupt
INTO—-》overflow interrupt
IRET—-》interrupt return
5》处理器操控指令
HLT—-》halt
WAIT—-》wait
ESC—-》escape
LOCK—-》lock
NOP—-》no operation
STC—-》set carry
CLC—-》clear carry
CMC—-》carry make change
STD—-》set direction
CLD—-》clear direction
STI—-》set interrupt
CLI—-》clear interrupt
六、伪指令
DW—-》define word
PROC—-》procedure
ENDP—-》end of procedure
SEGMENT—-》segment
ASSUME—-》assume
ENDS—-》end segment(段, 节,片断)
END—-》end