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你了解Embeded linux中的Uboot参数与内核?

你了解Embeded linux中的Uboot参数与内核?-uboot环境变量:bootdelay、bootcmd、bootargs等参数,键与值用0x3d,即“=”隔开,两参数之间用0x00,即\0隔开

一、uboot存储办法:

uboot源码:二进制的uboot程序

0xffffffff:uboot分区没有用的闲暇空间

uboot环境变量:bootdelay、bootcmd、bootargs等参数,键与值用0x3d,即“=”离隔,两参数之间用0x00,即\0离隔

0x00000000:uboot参数分区没有用的闲暇空间

二、uboot参数操作:

2.1 参数:

include/configs/xxx.h  //xxx为芯片称号

中界说了一些环境变量默认值的宏界说

common/env_embedded.c

中界说了环境变量键值对字符串结构体

2.2 功用函数:

common/env_common.c

初始化如下结构:

#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND

extern int nand_env_init(void);
extern unsigned char nand_env_get_char_spec(int);
extern int nand_saveenv(void);
extern void nand_env_relocate_spec(void);

static struct env_common_func_t nand_env_cmn_func = {
.env_init = nand_env_init,
.env_get_char_spec = nand_env_get_char_spec,
.saveenv = nand_saveenv,
.env_relocate_spec = nand_env_relocate_spec,
.env_name_spec = “NAND”,
};

#else

staTIc struct env_common_func_t nand_env_cmn_func = {0};

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_SPI_FLASH

extern int sf_env_init(void);
extern unsigned char sf_env_get_char_spec(int);
extern int sf_saveenv(void);
extern void sf_env_relocate_spec(void);

staTIc struct env_common_func_t nand_env_cmn_func = {
.env_init = sf_env_init,
.env_get_char_spec = sf_env_get_char_spec,
.saveenv = sf_saveenv,
.env_relocate_spec = sf_env_relocate_spec,
.env_name_spec = “SPI FLASH”,
};

#else

staTIc struct env_common_func_t sf_env_cmn_func = {0};

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_EMMC

extern int emmc_env_init(void);
extern unsigned char emmc_env_get_char_spec(int);
extern int emmc_saveenv(void);
extern void emmc_env_relocate_spec(void);

staTIc struct env_common_func_t emmc_env_cmn_func = {
.env_init = emmc_env_init,
.env_get_char_spec = emmc_env_get_char_spec,
.saveenv = emmc_saveenv,
.env_relocate_spec = emmc_env_relocate_spec,
.env_name_spec = “NAND”,
};

#else

static struct env_common_func_t emmc_env_cmn_func = {0};

#endif

int env_init(void)
{
switch (get_boot_media())

{
default:
env_cmn_func = NULL;
break;
case BOOT_MEDIA_NAND:
env_cmn_func = &nand_env_cmn_func;
break;
case BOOT_MEDIA_SPIFLASH:
env_cmn_func = &sf_env_cmn_func;
break;
case BOOT_MEDIA_EMMC:
env_cmn_func = &emmc_env_cmn_func;
break;
case BOOT_MEDIA_DDR:
env_cmn_func = &sf_env_cmn_func;
break;
}

if (env_cmn_func && !env_cmn_func->env_name_spec)

env_cmn_func = NULL;

if (!env_cmn_func)
return -1;

env_cmn_func->env_init();
env_name_spec = env_cmn_func->env_name_spec;

return 0;
}

2.3 功用函数调用

common/cmd_nvedit.c

U_BOOT_CMD(
saveenv, 1, 0, do_saveenv,
“save environment variables to persistent storage”,
“”
);

int do_saveenv (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
extern char * env_name_spec;

env_crc_update ();

return (saveenv() ? 1 : 0);
}

三、内核对参办法:

3.1 mtd办法

文件方式,待补

3.2 ioremap

驱动+使用,待补

3.3 mtd_debug

软件移植,待补

3.4 fw_printenv

3.4.1 东西生成办法:

uboot_source_tree # make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gcc env

uboot_source_tree/tools/env下得到fw_printenv与fw_env.config

3.4.2 将东西与配置文件放到板子文件体系上

3.4.3 修正fw_env.config

Device offset    对应于uboot源码目录中include/configs/board_name.h的CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET

Env size     对应于uboot源码目录中include/configs/board_name.h的CONFIG_ENV_SIZE

Flash sector size  对应于uboot源码目录中include/configs/board_name.h的CONFIG_ENV_SECT_SIZE

Number of sectors对应于多少块 这儿用的是nand flash,假如用nor就不必写这个了

3.4.4 使用办法:

ln -s fw_printenv fw_setenv

读:

fw_printenv 读全参

fw_printenv -n param_name 读指定参

写:

fw_setenv param_name param_value 写指定参

3.4.5 过错处理办法:

过错A:/include/linux/types.h:154:36: error: conflicting types for ‘uintmax_t’ typedef u_int32_t uintmax_t;

arm-linux/target/usr/include/stdint.h:140:32: note: previous declaration of ‘uintmax_t’ was here

typedef unsigned long long int uintmax_t;

处理A:两个文件的uintmax_t类型抵触了,将uboot中的类型依照编译器文件中的类型改过来

过错B:include/linux/types.h:155:36: error: conflicting types for ‘intmax_t’ typedef int32_t intmax_t;

arm-linux/target/usr/include/stdint.h:138:24: note: previous declaration of ‘intmax_t’ was here

typedef long long int intmax_t;

处理B:办法同上

过错C:Warning: Bad CRC, using default environment

处理C:计划一、环境变量没save,uboot的环境变量涣散于代码中,只要save才会存储与env地址中,假如不存到env地址中,fw_printenv是找不到的

计划二、fw_env.config没设置参数,参数设置办法见3.4.3

四、uboot增加环境变量

4.1 办法一、uboot命令行手动set param_name param_value

4.2 办法二、uboot代码中增加:

1)uboot源码目录中include/configs/board_name.h增加变量宏界说

2)uboot源码目录中common/env_common.c增加

 

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