STM32发动代码剖析

发动代码文件名是STM32F10X.S，它的效果先总结下，然后再剖析。发动代码效果一般是：1）堆和栈的初始化；2）向量表界说；3）地址重映射及中止向量表的搬运；4）设置体系时钟频率；5）中止寄存器的初始化；6）进入C应用程序。

（1）按发动代码的次第，先看堆和栈的初始化：

Stack_Size EQU 0x00000200 ；界说Stack_Size为0x00000200

AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ；界说栈，可初始为0，8字节对齐
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size ；分配0x200个接连字节，并初始化为0
__initial_sp ；汇编代码地址标号

Heap_Size EQU 0x00000000

AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3
__heap_base
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size
__heap_limit

PRESERVE8；指定当时文件仓库8字节对齐
THUMB ；告知汇编器下面是32为的Thumb指令，假如需求汇编器将刺进位以确保对齐

（2）中止向量表界说

AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ;界说复位向量段，只读
EXPORT __Vectors ；界说一个能够在其他文件中运用的大局标号。此处表明中止地址

__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ;给__initial_sp分配4字节32位的地址0x0
DCD Reset_Handler ; 给标号Reset Handler分配地址为0x00000004
DCD NMI_Handler ; 给标号NMI Handler分配地址0x00000008
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD 0 ;这种方式便是保存地址，不给任何标号分配
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler

; External Interrupts
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMAChannel1_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 1
DCD DMAChannel2_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 2
DCD DMAChannel3_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 3
DCD DMAChannel4_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 4
DCD DMAChannel5_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 5
DCD DMAChannel6_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 6
DCD DMAChannel7_IRQHandler ; DMA Channel 7
DCD ADC_IRQHandler ; ADC
DCD USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN RX0
DCD CAN_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN RX1
DCD CAN_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend

（3）中止向量表的搬运

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ；代码段界说

; Reset Handler

Reset_Handler PROC；符号一个函数的开端
EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK]；[WEAK] 选项表明当一切的源文件都没有 界说这样一个标号时，编译器也不给出错误信息，在大都情况下将该标号置为 0 ，若该标号为 B 或 BL 指令引证，则将 B 或 BL指令置为 NOP 操作。EXPORT提示编译器该标号能够为外部文件引证。
IMPORT __main ;告诉编译器要运用的标号在其他文件
LDR R0, =__main；运用“=”表明LDR现在是伪指令不是规范指令。这里是把__main的地址给RO。
BX R0；BX是ARM指令集和THUMB指令集之间程序的跳转
ENDP

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)

NMI_Handler m;”m”其实便是PROC表明汇编函数的开端
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
HardFault_Handler ;””是换行的意思
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B . ;”.”号究竟是什么意义呢，现在还没查到材料。可能是保存地址，供今后修正的吧
ENDP
MemManage_Handler
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP

Default_Handler PROC

EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMAChannel7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMPER_IRQHandler
RTC_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMAChannel1_IRQHandler
DMAChannel2_IRQHandler
DMAChannel3_IRQHandler
DMAChannel4_IRQHandler
DMAChannel5_IRQHandler
DMAChannel6_IRQHandler
DMAChannel7_IRQHandler
ADC_IRQHandler
USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTCAlarm_IRQHandler
USBWakeUp_IRQHandler

B .

ENDP
ALIGN

（4）堆和栈的初始化

IF :DEF:__MICROLIB ；“DEF”的用法——:DEF:X 便是说X界说了则为真，否则为假

EXPORT __initial_sp
EXPORT __heap_base
EXPORT __heap_limit

ELSE

IMPORT __use_two_region_memory
EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap
__user_initial_stackheap

LDR R0, = Heap_Mem
LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size)
LDR R3, = Stack_Mem
BX LR

ALIGN ；填充字节使地址对齐

ENDIF

END